Eddie Gonzales Jr. – MessageToEagle.com – Earth and Moon have distinct oxygen compositions and are not identical in oxygen as previously thought according to a new study, published in Nature Geoscience.
The study may challenge the current understanding of the formation of the Moon.
Previous research led to scientists to develop the Giant Impact Hypothesis suggesting the Moon was formed from debris following a giant collision between early-Earth and a proto-planet named Theia.
The Earth and Moon are geochemically similar. Samples returned from the Moon from the Apollo missions showed a near-identical composition in oxygen isotopes.
“Our findings suggest that the deep lunar mantle may have experienced the least mixing and is most representative of the impactor Theia,” a research scientist Erick Cano at the University of New Mexico, said in a press release.
“The data imply the distinct oxygen isotope compositions of Theia and Earth were not completely homogenized by the Moon-forming impact and provides quantitative evidence that Theia could have formed farther from the Sun than did Earth.”
Although the Giant Impact Hypothesis can nicely explain many of the geochemical similarities between Earth and Moon, the extreme similarity in oxygen isotopes has been difficult to rationalize with this scenario: either the two bodies were compositionally identical in oxygen isotopes to start with, which is unlikely, or their oxygen isotopes were fully mixed in the aftermath of the impact, which has been difficult to model in simulations.
Cano and his colleagues Zach Sharp and Charles Shearer from UNM’s Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences conducted high-precision measurements of the oxygen isotopic composition on a range of lunar samples at UNM’s Center for Stable Isotopes (CSI).
The results show that the oxygen isotopic composition varied depending on the type of rock tested. This may be due to the degree of mixing between the molten Moon and vapor atmosphere following the impact. Oxygen isotopes from samples taken from the deep lunar mantle were the most different to oxygen isotopes from Earth
“This data suggests that the deep lunar mantle may have experienced the least mixing and is most representative of the impactor Theia,” said Sharp.
“Based on the results from our isotopic analysis, Theia would have an origin farther out from the Sun relative to Earth and shows that Theia’s distinct oxygen isotope composition was not completely lost through homogenization during the giant impact.”
Written by Eddie Gonzales Jr. – MessageToEagle.com Staff