Chicxulub Asteroid Impact Made Our Planet Uninhabitable For Dinosaurs

Eddie Gonzales Jr. – MessageToEagle.com – A world was largely unsuitable for dinosaurs to live in, according to a new modeling of the Chicxulub asteroid impact 66 million years ago.

The asteroid, which struck the Earth off the coast of Mexico at the end of the Cretaceous era has long been believed to be the cause of the demise of all dinosaur species except those that became birds.

However, some researchers have suggested that tens of thousands of years of large volcanic eruptions may have been the actual cause of the extinction event, which also killed off almost 75% of life on Earth.

Now, a research team from Imperial College London and the University of Bristol and University College London shows that only the asteroid impact could have created conditions that were unfavorable for dinosaurs across the globe. The massive volcanism could also have helped life recover from the asteroid strike in the long term.

“We show that the asteroid caused an impact winter for decades and that these environmental effects decimated suitable environments for dinosaurs,” lead researcher Dr Alessandro Chiarenza, who conducted this work whilst studying for his PhD in the Department of Earth Science and Engineering at Imperial, said.

“In contrast, the effects of the intense volcanic eruptions were not strong enough to substantially disrupt global ecosystems.

“Our study confirms, for the first time quantitatively, that the only plausible explanation for the extinction is the impact winter that eradicated dinosaur habitats worldwide.”

To determine which factor, the asteroid or the volcanism had more climate-changing power, researchers have used geological markers of climate and powerful mathematical models.

The team combined these methods with information about what kinds of environmental factors, such as rainfall and temperature, each species of dinosaur needed to thrive.

They were then able to map where these conditions would still exist in a world after either an asteroid strike or massive volcanism. They found that only the asteroid strike wiped out all potential dinosaur habitats, while volcanism left some viable regions around the equator.

“Instead of only using the geologic record to model the effect on climate that the asteroid or volcanism might have caused worldwide, we pushed this approach a step forward, adding an ecological dimension to the study to reveal how these climatic fluctuations severely affected ecosystems,” co-lead author of the study Dr Alex Farnsworth, from the University of Bristol, said.

Co-author Dr Philip Mannion, from University College London, added: “In this study, we add a modeling approach to key geological and climate data that shows the devastating effect of the asteroid impact on global habitats. Essentially, it produces a blue screen of death for dinosaurs.”

After the initial drastic global winter caused by the asteroid, the team’s model suggests that in the longer term, volcanic warming could have helped restore many habitats, helping new life that evolved after the disaster to thrive.

“We provide new evidence to suggest that the volcanic eruptions happening around the same time might have reduced the effects on the environment caused by the impact, particularly in quickening the rise of temperatures after the impact winter,” Dr Chiarenza said.

“This volcanic-induced warming helped boost the survival and recovery of the animals and plants that made through the extinction, with many groups expanding in its immediate aftermath, including birds and mammals.”

Paper

Written by Eddie Gonzales Jr. – MessageToEagle.com Staff